{"id":279,"date":"2024-03-01T14:28:45","date_gmt":"2024-03-01T14:28:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/?p=279"},"modified":"2024-03-01T15:24:32","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T15:24:32","slug":"the-periodic-table","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/01\/the-periodic-table\/","title":{"rendered":"The Periodic Table"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The\u00a0periodic table<\/a>\u00a0is a tabular array of the\u00a0chemical elements<\/a>\u00a0organized by\u00a0atomic number<\/a>, from the element with the lowest atomic number,\u00a0hydrogen<\/a>, to the element with the highest atomic number,\u00a0oganesson<\/a>. The atomic number of an element is the number of\u00a0protons<\/a>\u00a0in the nucleus of an\u00a0atom<\/a>\u00a0of that element. Hydrogen has 1 proton, and oganesson has 118.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The groups of the periodic table are displayed as vertical columns numbered from 1 to 18. The\u00a0elements<\/a>\u00a0in a group have very similar chemical properties, which arise from the number of valence electrons present\u2014that is, the number of\u00a0electrons<\/a>\u00a0in the outermost shell of an atom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The arrangement of the\u00a0elements<\/a>\u00a0in the periodic table comes from the electronic configuration of the elements.\u00a0Because of the\u00a0Pauli exclusion principle<\/a>, no more than two\u00a0electrons<\/a>\u00a0can fill the same orbital.\u00a0The first row of the periodic table consists of just two elements,\u00a0hydrogen<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0helium<\/a>. As\u00a0atoms<\/a>\u00a0have more electrons, they have more orbits available to fill, and thus the rows contain more elements farther down in the table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

periodic table<\/strong>, in\u00a0chemistry<\/a>, the organized\u00a0array<\/a>\u00a0of all the\u00a0chemical elements<\/a>\u00a0in order of increasing\u00a0atomic number<\/a>\u2014i.e., the total number of\u00a0protons<\/a>\u00a0in the atomic nucleus. When the chemical elements are thus arranged, there is a recurring pattern called the \u201cperiodic law\u201d in their properties, in which elements in the same column (group) have similar properties. The initial discovery, which was made by\u00a0Dmitry I. Mendeleyev<\/a>\u00a0in the mid-19th century, has been of inestimable value in the development of\u00a0chemistry<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not actually recognized until the second decade of the 20th century that the order of elements in the periodic system is that of their atomic numbers, the integers of which are equal to the positive electrical charges of the\u00a0atomic nuclei<\/a>\u00a0expressed in electronic units. In subsequent years great progress was made in explaining the periodic law in terms of the\u00a0electronic structure<\/a>\u00a0of atoms and molecules. This clarification has increased the value of the law, which is used as much today as it was at the beginning of the 20th century, when it expressed the only known relationship among the elements.- sourced from Britannica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Colorful Periodic Table of the Elements – shows atomic number, symbol, name, atomic weight, electrons per shell, state of matter and element category<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The\u00a0periodic table\u00a0is a tabular array of the\u00a0chemical elements\u00a0organized by\u00a0atomic number, from the element with the lowest atomic number,\u00a0hydrogen, to the element with the highest atomic number,\u00a0oganesson. The atomic number of an element is the number of\u00a0protons\u00a0in the nucleus of an\u00a0atom\u00a0of that element. Hydrogen has 1 proton, and oganesson has 118. The groups of the periodic […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=279"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":282,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279\/revisions\/282"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geniusnewton.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}